How can accelerated development of bioenergy contribute to the future UK energy mix? Insights from a MARKAL modelling exercise

Table 3 LC-Core and ATD Bioenergy data for UK-MARKAL.

Technology	Year	Capital cost (GBP.GJ^-1)		Annual availability (%)		Efficiency (%)		O&M cost (GBP.GJ^-1)
		Core	ATD	Core	ATD	Core	ATD	Core	ATD
Lignocellulosic ethanol	2010	23	23	100	90	100	90	2	1
	2050	23	14	100	90	100	90	2	0.5
Technology	Year	Capital cost (GBP.kW _e ^-1 )		Annual availability (%)		Efficiency (%)		Fixed O&M costs (GBP.(kW.yr) ^-1 )
		Core	ATD	Core	ATD	Core	ATD	Core	ATD
Gasification	2000	2,200	2,200	83	85	32	32	66	66
	2050	1,673	700	83	89	44	50	66	30
Technology		Year	Capital cost (GBP.GJ ^-1 )		Efficiency (%)			Variable O&M costs (GBP.GJ ^-1 )
			Core	ATD	Core		ATD	Core	ATD
Fast pyrolysis		2000	32.4	32.4	90		90	3	3
		2050	32.4	25.6	90		90	3	1
Chain/technology			Year	Capital cost (GBP.GJ ^-1 )		Energy content (GJ.t ^-1 )		Yield (ha.yr ^-1 )
				Core	ATD	Core	ATD	Core	ATD
Bioengineering of energy crops (including agro-machinery)			2000	3.61	3.61	-	15	-	12
			2050	3.61	1.45	-	15	-	24

All cost data are expressed in GBP on a year 2000 basis. Agro-machinery costs are assumed to be embedded in energy crop costs (resources module).

ISSN: 2731-3654