Table 2 Optimal ammonia fibre expansion (AFEX) conditions within the parameters tested in this study.
| Â | CIR: July | CIR: October | Alamo: July | Alamo: October |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Ammonia (g/g BM) | 0.9 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 2.0 |
Water (g/g BM) | 0.4 | 0.4 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
Residence time (min) | 20 | 30 | 30 | 25 |
Temperature (°C) | 80 | 130 | 160 | 150 |
Sugar yield (g/kg BM) | 385 | 280 | 288 | 320 |
Sugar yield (%) | 65.6 | 41.6 | 45.0 | 49.5 |
Glucose yield (g/kg BM) | 276 | 172 | 198 | 221 |
Xylose yield (g/kg BM) | 98 | 102 | 89 | 100 |
R2 | 80.0% | 79.9% | 83.6% | 94.1% |