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Table 7 Prices associated with operational costs and products

From: Effects of steam pretreatment and co-production with ethanol on the energy efficiency and process economics of combined biogas, heat and electricity production from industrial hemp

 

Price (SEK)

 

Unit

Reference

Feedstock

1.62

 

kg DM

-

Chemicals

    

Sulphur dioxide

1.5

 

kg

[15]

Antifoam

20

 

kg

[15]

(NH4)H2PO4

1.4

 

kg

[31]

MgSO4

4.4

 

kg

[15]

Molasses

1.0

 

kg

[15]

Urea

3.0

 

kg

[31]

FeSO4.H2O

1.1

 

kg

[32]

NiCl2

41

 

kg

[32]

CoSO4.7H2O

67

 

kg

[32]

Cellulase enzymes

28.5

 

MFPU

[22]

Utilities

    

Electricity (cost)

450

 

MWh

[23]

Cooling water

0.14

 

m3

[15]

Process water

1.40

 

m3

[15]

Products

    

Ethanol

5.5

 

L

[23]

Biogas

600

 

MWh

[16]

Electricity, spot price

350

 

MWh

[23]

Electricity certificate

200

 

MWh

[23]

District heating

280

 

MWh

[23]

Cost of wastewater treatment

160.5

 

m3

Estimated from [16]

  1. SEK: Swedish Kronor (1 EUR ≈ 8.9 SEK), DM: dry matter, MFPU: million filter-paper units.