Figure 4

Metabolic pathways for the production of the high-value products by using Z. mobilis as platform. The solid lines indicate Z. mobilis native pathways and the dotted lines refer to the recombinant pathway obtained by metabolic engineering strategies. gfor, glucose-fructose oxidoreductase; ldh A, lactate dehydrogenase; pdc, pyruvate decarboxylase; gnl, glucono-σ-gluconase; adc, acetoacetate dehydrogenase; adh, secondary alcohol dehydrogenase; adh B, alcohol dehydrogenase; adh E, acetaldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase; adh E2, secondary alcohol dehydrogenase; ato AD, acetyl-CoA:acetoacetyl-CoA transferase; ato B, acetyl-CoA acyltransferase; bcd, butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase; crt, crotonase; ctf AB, acetoacetyl-CoA transferase; etf BA, electrotransfer flavor protein; hbd, β-hydroxy butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase; thl, acetyl-CoA acyltransferase; kivd, ketoisovalerate decarboxylase.