Table 1 Efficiency factors ( β _j ), rate response coefficients ( ${\mathbf{C}}_{\mathbf{P}}^{{\mathbf{R}}_{\mathbf{j}}}$ ) and efficiency response coefficients ( ${\mathbf{C}}_{\mathbf{P}}^{{\mathbf{\beta }}_{\mathbf{j}}}$ ) for glucose and xylose for the base case and various simulated system changes

Base case

See Table 3 and Figure 1

0.33

39.8

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

High xylose

c _x  = 40 g/l

0.35

36.6

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

High furfural and HMF

c _f  = 4 g/l; c _h  = 4 g/l

0.46

56.8

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

No furfural and HMF

c _f  = 0 g/l; c _h  = 0 g/l

0.20

23.5

–

0.00

0.00

0.00

Strong inhibition by furfural and HMF

K _if =5 mM; K _ih  = 10 mM

1.69

222

–

–

0.00

0.00

Biomass concentration

C _cells  = 270 g/l

0.35

41.7

0.38

0.55

−0.62

−0.45

C _cells  = 330 g/l

0.31

38.1

Maximum glucose uptake rates

v_{gmax, L} = 5.4 mmol/g/h; v_{gmax, H} = 1.8 mmol/g/h

0.35

38.5

0.33

0.31

−0.67

0.31

v_{gmax, L} = 6.6 mmol/g/h; v_{gmax, H} = 2.2 mmol/g/h

0.31

41.0

Maximum xylose uptake rate

v _xmax  = 5.4 mmol/g/h

0.33

43.3

0.01

0.20

0.01

−0.80

v _xmax  = 6.6 mmol/g/h

0.33

36.9

Inhibition of glucose uptake by xylose

K _ix  = 32.4 mM

0.33

39.5

0.07

0.08

−0.09

0.08

K _ix  = 39.6 mM

0.32

40.1

Inhibition of glucose and xylose uptake by furfural and HMF

K _if =36 mM; K _ih  = 72 mM

0.34

41.8

0.09

0.06

−0.42

−0.45

K _if =44 mM; K _ih =88 mM

0.32

38.2

Inhibition of xylose uptake by glucose

K _ig =0.36 mM

0.33

43.9

0.00

0.07

0.00

−0.93

K _ig =0.44 mM

0.33

36.5

Effective diffusivity in the cell pellet

D _c,glucose  = 1.52 × 10^-10 m²/s; D _c,xylose  = 1.73 × 10^-10 m²/s; D_{c,furfura l} = 2.52 × 10^-10 m²/s; D _c,HMF  = 2.39 × 10^-10 m²/s

0.32

38.2

0.34

0.39

0.34

0.39

D _c,glucose  = 1.86 × 10^-10 m²/s; D _c,xylose  = 2.11 × 10^-10 m²/s; D_{c,furfura l} = 3.08 × 10^-10 m²/s; D _c,HMF  = 2.92 × 10^-10 m²/s

0.34

41.3