Figure 1
Solid state fermentation (SSF) using non-sterilized whole forage rice plant round bales. Ethanol and lactic acid production from forage rice cultivars (a) Leaf Star, (b) Tachisugata, and (c) Tachisuzuka with the addition of 0.74 to 0.77 filter paper degradation unit (FPU)/g dry matter (DM) cellulase from Acremonium cellulolyticus, 0.28 to 0.29 U/g DM glucoamylase, freeze-dried lactic acid bacteria (2 × 105 colony forming unit (cfu)/g DM), and freeze-dried yeast (3 × 106 cfu/g DM) mixture (SSF) or freeze-dried lactic acid bacteria only (silage) are shown. Values are expressed as the mean with standard error bars (n = 3 (cv. Leaf Star), n = 2 (cv. Tachisugata), or n = 4 (cv. Tachisuzuka)).