Table 1 Effect of calcium carbonate on ABE production by wild-type Clostridium sp. strain BOH3
Fermentation characteristicsa | Calcium carbonate (mM) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 5 | 10 | 30 | 50 | 70 | 100 | |
Maximum dry cell weight (g/L) | 3.4 ± 0.18 | 4.0 ± 0.23 | 4.9 ± 0.19 | 4.8 ± 0.20 | 4.7 ± 0.24 | 4.7 ± 0.21 | 4.5 ± 0.22 |
Butanol (g/L) | 7.8 ± 0.13 | 9.5 ± 0.31 | 11.8 ± 0.24 | 11.6 ± 0.41 | 11.8 ± 0.32 | 11.4 ± 0.29 | 11.0 ± 0.35 |
Acetone (g/L) | 3.8 ± 0.17 | 3.6 ± 0.25 | 3.3 ± 0.21 | 3.1 ± 0.21 | 3.0 ± 0.17 | 2.8 ± 0.15 | 2.6 ± 0.19 |
Ethanol (g/L) | 0.7 ± 0.01 | 0.8 ± 0.02 | 0.9 ± 0.06 | 0.8 ± 0.05 | 0.7 ± 0.04 | 0.6 ± 0.02 | 0.6 ± 0.04 |
Acetate (g/L) | 2.1 ± 0.07 | 3.8 ± 0.19 | 1.7 ± 0.04 | 1.5 ± 0.08 | 1.4 ± 0.06 | 1.1 ± 0.09 | 0.8 ± 0.07 |
Butyrate (g/L) | 2.4 ± 0.11 | 3.4 ± 0.16 | 1.1 ± 0.01 | 0.7 ± 0.05 | 0.6 ± 0.07 | 0.8 ± 0.02 | 0.5 ± 0.03 |
Total solvent (g/L) | 12.3 ± 0.5 | 13.9 ± 0.9 | 16.0 ± 1.1 | 15.5 ± 1.2 | 15.5 ± 0.8 | 14.8 ± 1.0 | 14.2 ± 0.9 |
pH alowest | 3.9 ± 0.2 | 4.1 ± 0.1 | 4.8 ± 0.2 | 4.9 ± 0.3 | 5.1 ± 0.3 | 5.2 ± 0.2 | 5.3 ± 0.1 |
Final pH | 4.7 ± 0.1 | 4.8 ± 0.2 | 5.0 ± 0.1 | 5.2 ± 0.2 | 5.3 ± 0.1 | 5.4 ± 0.2 | 5.5 ± 0.2 |
Butanol productivity (g/L h) | 0.10 ± 0.01 | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 0.16 ± 0.01 | 0.16 ± 0.01 | 0.16 ± 0.01 | 0.16 ± 0.02 | 0.15 ± 0.02 |
Total starch hydrolysis rate (g/L h) | 0.48 ± 0.02 | 0.59 ± 0.03 | 0.75 ± 0.02 | 0.73 ± 0.04 | 0.75 ± 0.03 | 0.75 ± 0.01 | 0.73 ± 0.04 |