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Table 5 Glucose release and ethanol yields from the Azolla filiculoides and A. pinnata biomasses

From: Aquatic plant Azolla as the universal feedstock for biofuel production

Biomass/saccharification

Released glucose, g/L

Ethanol yield, YE/G, g/ga

Ethanol yield, YE/B, g/gb

A. filiculoides

 Biomass, g dw/L

52.2

121.23

256.12

NA

NA

 No treatment

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

 α-amylase + α-amyloglucosidase + cellulase + cellobiase

15.9 ± 4.1

31.5 ± 6.6

65.9 ± 11.8

0.56 ± 0.1

0.089 ± 0.02

A. pinnata

 Biomass/saccharification

Released glucose, g/L

Ethanol yield, Y E/G, g/gc

Ethanol yield, YE/B, g/gd

 Biomass, g dw/L

52.8

120.78

250.98

NA

NA

 No treatment

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

 α-amylase + α-amyloglucosidase + cellulase + cellobiase

6.5 ± 1.0

13.9 ± 3.1

29.5 ± 8.1

0.28 ± 0.03

0.053 ± 0.01

  1. No significant differences were observed between fermentation with or without additional nutrients
  2. ND not detected
  3. NA not analysed
  4. aFrom 65.9 g/l of glucose
  5. bFrom 256.12 g dw/l of biomass
  6. cFrom 29.5 g/l of glucose
  7. dFrom 250.9 g dw/l of biomass