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Table 3 The properties and plywood performances of lignin-phenol-formaldehyde (LPF) resin adhesives

From: Valorization of lignin and cellulose in acid-steam-exploded corn stover by a moderate alkaline ethanol post-treatment based on an integrated biorefinery concept

Adhesives

Adhesive properties

Plywood performances

pH

Viscosity (mPa s)

Solid content (%)

Bonding strength (MPa)

Formaldehyde emission (mg L−1)

ALPF

11.8 (0.6)c

987.4 (1.58)

51.3 (0.44)

1.14 (0.11)

0.14 (0.06)

EHRPF

11.3 (0.46)

766.2 (0.90)

53.3 (0.26)

1.01 (0.17)

0.21 (0.02)

GB/T 14732-2006a

≥7

≥60

≥35

≥0.7

≤0.5b

  1. ALPF lignin-phenol-formaldehyde resin adhesive prepared with AL, EHRPF lignin-phenol-formaldehyde resin adhesive prepared with EHR
  2. aGB/T 14732-2006: Wood adhesives: urea formaldehyde, phenol formaldehyde and melamine formaldehyde resins
  3. bThis requirement is defined by Chinese National Standard GB/T 9846.3-2004
  4. cThe value in parenthesis is standard deviation