Table 1 Metal ions in biomass before and after demineralization and the respective levoglucosan yields

Ca²⁺ [g/kg]

2.52 ± 0.20

1.94 ± 0.02

0.76 ± 0.03

0.47 ± 0.03

0.17 ± 0.06

0.06 ± 0.03

K⁺ [g/kg]

11.03 ± 0.20

0.07 ± 0.01

0.05 ± 0.01

15.52 ± 1.47

0.58 ± 0.03

0.34 ± 0.01

Mg²⁺ [g/kg]

0.95 ± 0.06

0.01 ± 0.00

0.01 ± 0.01

0.71 ± 0.01

0.08 ± 0.06

0.04 ± 0.02

Na⁺ [g/kg]

0.09 ± 0.03

0.01 ± 0.00

0.02 ± 0.00

0.07 ± 0.01

0.02 ± 0.00

0.04 ± 0.00

Alkali [g/kg biomass]

14.59

2.03

0.83

16.77

0.85

0.47

Ash [g/kg biomass]

40.00

22.20

21.07

27.90

5.09

2.84

Alkali in ash [%]

36.48

9.15

3.96

60.12

16.68

16.50

Levoglucosan [g/L]

1.39

22.42

23.06

2.16

18.06

28.78

Yield \(\left[ \frac{\text{mol levoglucosan}}{\text{mol glucan}} \right]\)

0.02

0.30

0.31

0.03

0.23

0.37