Fig. 5

Response of the VSC biosensor to the panel of non-specific chemicals. For model compound, benzaldehyde, veratraldehyde and acrylic acid, treatment with 5.0, 1.0 and 0.5 mM is represented by blue, red and green bars, respectively. For DMSO, treatment with 5.0% (v/v), 1.0% (v/v) and 0.5% (v/v) is represented by cyan, magenta and orange bars, respectively. For lignin, treatment with 5.0, 1.0 and 0.5 mg/ml is represented by black, yellow and light green bars, respectively. For (lignin + vanillin), treatment comprised 5% lignin + 5 mM vanillin and is represented by grey bar. For (lignin + LDPs + vanillin), treatment comprised 5% lignin + 5 mM each of acetosyringone, acetovanillone, guaiacol, syringaldehyde, vanillyl alcohol and vanillin, and is represented by purple bar. The figure shows median fluorescence value (normalized) of the populations in each sample. The dotted line indicates the significance threshold (fluorescence of the untreated cells + 3 SD). LDPs = Lignin Degradation Products