Fig. 2

Fermentation products of Clostridium sp. DBT-IOC-C19 at different cellulose concentrations. The specific rate of product formation by strain DBT-IOC-C19 as a function of various crystalline cellulose concentrations measured at 60 °C (initial pH 7.5) after 96 h of batch fermentation. Specific product formation was monitored by measuring pH, acetate, lactate, and ethanol concentrations. Data are presented as average of triplicate cultures with error bars (±) showing standard deviations. All metabolite concentrations are different with a statistical significance [ANOVA Tukey’s test, ***p < 0.001, ** 0.01 > p > 0.001, and * 0.05 > p > 0.01]. The concentrations that are not significantly different from each other in treatment condition described are labeled with same lowercase letters associated with a level of significance in the figure