Fig. 1

Technology roadmap for l-lactic acid production from a mixture of glucose and xylose in B. licheniformis MW3. Ldh l-lactate dehydrogenase; AlsS α-acetolactate synthase, AlsD α-acetolactate decarboxylase, XylA xylulose isomerase, XylB xylulose kinase, PtsG glucose transporter, GalP galactose permease, XylE D-xylose transporter, P _GlcK promoter of gene GlcK, PflA pyruvate formate-lyase, AdhB alcohol dehydrogenase, AckA acetate kinase, PPP pentose phosphate pathway, PTS phosphotransferase system, CCR carbon catabolite repression. Red crosses indicate that genes of the pathway were deleted. Green fonts indicate the genes that were integrated into the genome of strain MW3. Green arrows indicate the pathway for co-utilization of glucose and xylose