Fig. 4

Evaluation of malate synthesis route for PMA production based on genome-scale metabolic simulation. a Schematic of simulation analysis in different malate synthesis route. b X- and Y-axes show malate synthesis route flux (mmol/gDW/h) and PMA production rate (mmol/gDW/h), respectively. The Z-axis represents the cell growth rate (gDW/h). The color gradient represents the value according to the scale shown in the box