Fig. 2

Triggering of glutamic acid secretion from C. glutamicum S9114 cells by penicillin induction in CSH. a Cell growth. b Glucose consumption. c Glutamic acid accumulation. CSHs were prepared from the pretreated and biodetoxified corn stover feedstock at 15, 20, and 25% (w/w) solids content, respectively. Fermentation was carried out in a 3-L fermentor as described in the Methods section. Mean values were presented with error bars representing at least two standard deviations