Fig. 1From: An engineered fatty acid synthase combined with a carboxylic acid reductase enables de novo production of 1-octanol in Saccharomyces cerevisiaeCommon pathways for microbial higher alcohol production. Three different recursive metabolic pathways, fatty acid synthesis (a), reverse β-oxidation (b), or an artificial pathway engineered from l-leucine biosynthesis with enzymes LeuA to LeuD (c) can serve to provide different precursors with carbon chain lengths as indicated. Reaction steps for which shifted chain length control has successfully been reported are highlighted in red. For description and abbreviations, see textBack to article page