Fig. 2

A thermostable PDC with ability to resist denaturation and maintain an active complex. a PDC with chains A and E represented in dark and light orange, respectively, and chains B and F in white and gray, respectively (PDB code 2WVA). The cofactors located at the active sites between chains A and B, the dimer interface, are shown as spheres, with thiamine diphosphate (TPP) in green and magnesium (Mg²⁺) in red. b The PDC monomeric unit composed of three independent structural regions, shown in gray, orange, and pink. TPP is shown in green and Mg²⁺ is shown in red. c An interactive computational design and experimental characterization workflow allows for the accumulation of thermostabilizing mutations throughout the homotetrameric PDC.