Xylose fermentation efficiency of industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast with separate or combined xylose reductase/xylitol dehydrogenase and xylose isomerase pathways

Table 4 Strains, plasmids and primers used in this study

	Relevant features	Source
S. cerevisiae strains
PE-2∆GRE3	S. cerevisiae PE-2 (isolated from Brazilian first generation bioethanol plants [44, 46], gre3::natMX4/gre3::kanMX4	Romaní et al. [13]
PE-XR/XDH	PE-2∆GRE3, pMEC1049	Romaní et al. [13]
PE-XR/XDH + XI	PE-2∆GRE3, pMEC1049 + XI	This work
PE-XI	PE-2∆GRE3, pMEC_XI	This work
CA11	S. cerevisiae strain isolated from Brazilian “cachaça” fermentation processes	Pereira et al. and Schwan et al. [43, 44]
CA11-XR/XDH	CA11, pMEC1049	Costa et al. [14]
CA11-XR/XDH + XI	CA11, pMEC1049 + XI	This work
CA11-XI	CA11, pMEC_XI	This work
Plasmids
pMEC1049	pYPK4-TEF1tp-XR(N272D)-TDH3tp-XDH-PGI1tp-XKS1-FBA1tp-TAL1- PDC1tp, HphMX4	Romaní et al. [13]
pBED-CpXI-NATMX	Plasmid containing the xylA gene from Clostridium phytofermentans with HXT7 promoter and CYC terminator	Brat et al. [20]
pMEC1049 + XI	pMEC1049 containing the xylA gene from C. phytofermentans with HXT7 promoter and CYC terminator	This work
pYPKa_Z_PGI1tp		Pereira et al. [47]
pMEC_XI	pMEC1049 + XI after removal of XR and XDH coding sequences	This work

Primers	Sequence (5′– > 3′)
XI_FW	ACGATTTAGGTGACACTATAGAACGCGGCCGCCAGGAGCTCGTAGGAACAA
XI_RV	GGGGATCCGTCGACCTGCAGCGTACGAAGCTTCAGCCGATCTCCAGCCGAC
577	GTTCTGATCCTCGAGCATCTTAAGAATTC
567	GTCGGCTGCAGGTCACTAGTGAG

ISSN: 2731-3654