Fig. 1

Itaconate production and growth of engineered U. maydis strains. Itaconate concentration (a), growth (OD₆₀₀, b), pH (c) and DIC images at an magnification of 630× (d–i) with ∆cyp3 ∆P_ria1::P_etef #1 (green, filled inverted triangle) and ∆cyp3 ∆P_ria1::P_etef #2 (black, filled circle) in comparison to ∆cyp3 P_etefria1 (red, filled diamond) during shake flask cultivation in screening medium with 30 mM MES (open symbols) or 33 g L⁻¹ CaCO₃ (filled symbols) with 50 g L⁻¹ glucose. Error bars indicate the standard error of the mean (n = 3)