Fig. 6
From: A microbubble-sparged yeast propagation–fermentation process for bioethanol production
Oxygen sparging during fermentation enhances expression of PDC6 and ADH2, genes. a Simplified diagram of pyruvate metabolism and relevant enzymes: pyruvate dehydrogenase, PDH1; pyruvate decarboxylase, PDC; aldehyde dehydrogenase, ALD; alcohol dehydrogenase, ADH; butanediol dehydrogenase, BDH1; citric acid cycle, CAC. b Changes in expression of the indicated genes (fold change relative to the MB-propagated inoculum) at mid- and end of ungassed (open bars), RB (1% O2; grey bars) and MB (1% O2; black bars) fermentations. The dashed lines mark ≥ twofold up- or down-regulation