Table 2 Metabolic engineered strains of microorganisms used for biofuel production

Corynebacterium glutamicum

3-Hydroxypropic acid

Glycerol

Glucose, xylose

[185]

Clostridium autoethanogenum

Ethanol

Ferredoxin oxidoreductase

Synthetic medium

[186]

Synechocystis sp.

Isobutanol

Ehrlich

Glucose

[187]

S. elongates

1,3-Propanediol

Synthetic metabolic pathway

Synthetic medium

[188]

E. coli

Fatty alcohol

Fatty acyl-ACP reductase-dependent

Synthetic medium

[189]

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2,3-Butanediol

Butanediol biosynthetic

Glucose, galactose

[190]

Klebsiella pneumoniae

2-Butanol

Meso-2,3-butanediol synthesis

Glucose

[191]

C. cellulolyticum

n-Butanol

CoA-dependent

Cellulose

[15]

Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum

n-Butanol

n-butanol

Xylose

[232]

Enterobacter cloacae

2,3-Butanediol

Pentose phosphate

Lignocellulose

[192]

Methylobacterium extorqens

1-Butanol

Ethyl malonyl-CoA

Ethylamine

[193]

C. cellulovorans

Ethanol, n-Butanol

Fatty acyl-ACP reductase-dependent

Cellulose

[194]

Caldicellulosiruptor

Hydrogen

Glycolytic

Lignocellulose

[195]

Bescii

S. cerevisiae

Isobutanol

Embden-Meyerhof

Synthetic medium

[196]

S. cerevisiae

n-Butanol

Clostridial acetoacetyl-CoA-derived pathway

Synthetic minimal

[197]

S. cerevisiae strain XUSAE57

Ethanol

Xylose‐isomerase pathway

Xylose and Glucose

[198]

Clostridium Tyrobutyricum

n-Butanol

Xylose metabolic pathway

Glucose and Xylose

[199]

Clostridium acetobutylicum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

n-Butanol

Clostridial acetoacetyl-CoA-derived pathway

Glucose, corn, starch, and corn stover

[200, 201]

Clostridium thermocellum and Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum

Ethanol

Embden-Meyerhof

Cellulose

[202]

E. coli

1-butanol,

2-keto acid degradation pathway

Glucose

[144]

2-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-phenylethanol