Current and future advances in fluorescence-based visualization of plant cell wall components and cell wall biosynthetic machineries

Table 2 Click chemistry-functionalized monosaccharides already applied to plants as chemical reporters

Monosaccharide	Click-reaction	Tissue	Compound	Live/fixed	Ref
Alkynyl fucose	CuAAC	Roots	RG-I	Cu(I) toxic	[164, 172]
Azido Kdo	CuAAC	Roots	RG-II	Cu(I) toxic	[173]
		Tobacco
		BY-2 cells
Alkynyl glucose	CuAAC	Root hairs	n.d.^a	Arrests growth,	[174]
Alkynyl glucose	CuAAC	Root hairs	n.d.^a	Cu(I) toxic	[174]
Azido Glc, Ara,	SPAAC	Roots	n.d.	Live	[168]
azido Fuc, Gal,	SPAAC			Live
cyclopropene Glc	\(\hbox {DA}_{{inv}}\)			Live
GlcNAz	CuAAC	Roots	N-linked	Cu(I) toxic	[179]
GlcNAz	CuAAC	Roots	Glycoproteins	Cu(I) toxic	[179]
Alkynyl Fuc	CuAAC	Roots	n.d.	Cu(I) toxic	[180]
Azido Fuc, Kdo	SPAAC	Roots		Live
GlcNAz	SPAAC	Roots		Live
GalNAz	SPAAC	Roots		\(\text {toxic}\)^c
Alkynyl fucose	CuAAC	Flax stem	n.d.^b	Cu(I) toxic	[178]

n.d. not determined, Kdo 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid. Glc glucose, Ara arabinose, Fuc fucose, Gal galactose. GlcNAz N-azidoacetylglucosamine, GalNAz N-azidoacetylgalactosamine
^a Incorporation hypothesized in callose or \(\beta \)-1,4 glucan by CSLD3.
^b Incorporation into non-cellulosic polysaccharides.
^c Moderate inhibition of root growth

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