Fig. 6

Stress responses. a Effects of various stress stimuli on cell growth. b Effects of unsaturated fatty acids on cell growth. c Effects of 18:3 on cell growth of fad4Δ and fad4FAD4a. Cell cultured at exponential phase were water-washed twice and spotted in tenfold serial dilutions on YPD agar plates supplemented with the indicated UFAs (0.1%, w/v) or stress-inducing chemical, and incubated at different temperatures. Cells cultured at 30 °C on YPD agar in the absence of any supplement was used as the control. fad4FAD4, fad4Δ harboring FAD4 cDNA driven under GPD1 promoter; fad4FAD4a, fad4Δ harboring whole FAD4 allele; Supp., supplementation; Temp., temperature; CPL, β-caryophyllene. Concentrations used: glycerol, 2 M; sorbitol, 1 M; ethanol, 3% (w/v); CPL, 0.1% (w/v); NaCl, 0.8 M