Table 2 Effect of CRISPR interference of the mutated genes on production of astaxanthin in E. coli AST-4
Gene | Protein | Amino acid mutation | Ratio of astaxanthin concentrationb |
|---|---|---|---|
Response to stress | |||
 yadC (b0135) | Fimbrial tip-adhesin YadC | Gly39Asp | 1.40 ± 0.01 |
 lon (b0439) | Lon protease | Lys554fsa | 1.22 ± 0.01 |
 cusB (b0574) | Copper/silver export system membrane fusion protein | Pro103Ser | 1.11 ± 0.05 |
 acnA (b1276) | Aconitate hydratase 1 | Ser522Gly | 1.09 ± 0.01 |
 rcsC (b2218) | Sensory histidine kinase RcsC | Phe136Leu | 1.45 ± 0.07 |
Membrane and transport protein | |||
 pqiA (b0950) | Intermembrane transport protein PqiA | Met163Ile | 1.17 ± 0.08 |
 fixA (b0041) | Putative electron transfer flavoprotein FixA | Ile137Thr | 1.09 ± 0.05 |
Cellular lipid metabolic process | |||
 fabI (b1288) | Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase | Tyr146His | 1.06 ± 0.02 |
Genetic information processing | |||
 infA (b0884) | Translation initiation factor IF-1 | Lost of the start codon Met | 1.19 ± 0.04 |
 fabR (b3741) | Transcriptional repressor of fabA and fabB | Gly61Val | 1.05 ± 0.08 |
 ygfI (b2921) | DNA-binding transcriptional regulator YgfI | Ile85Thr | 1.63 ± 0.01 |
 mnmG (b3741) | Carboxymethylaminomethyluridine-tRNA synthase subunit MnmG | Gly311Asp | 1.52 ± 0.03 |
 rppH (b2830) | RNA pyrophosphohydrolase | Ser32Pro | 1.21 ± 0.06 |
 rpoC (b3988) | RNA polymerase subunit beta' | Ala1323Thr | 1.17 ± 0.01 |
 sseA (b2521) | 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase | Gly122fs | 1.14 ± 0.03 |
 glpR (b3423) | Glycerol-3-phosphate regulon repressor | Ala51fs | 1.12 ± 0.01 |
Signaling and cellular processes | Â | ||
 sfmF (b0534) | Uncharacterized fimbrial-like protein SfmF | Glu127fs | 1.21 ± 0.03 |
 phoH (b1020) | ATP-binding protein PhoH | Cys314Arg | 1.12 ± 0.12 |
Xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism | |||
 hybO (b2997) | Hydrogenase 2 small subunit | Pro291Ser | 1.34 ± 0.01 |
Carbohydrate metabolism | |||
 frlB (b3371) | Fructoselysine 6-phosphate deglycase | Ser140Gly | 1.31 ± 0.01 |
 ydiF (b1694) | Putative acetate-CoA transferase | Val22Met | 1.30 ± 0.07 |
 ttdA (b3061) | l (+)-tartrate dehydratase subunit alpha | Ile243Val | 1.29 ± 0.01 |
Nucleotide metabolism | |||
 cpdA (b3032) | cAMP phosphodiesterase | Tyr275Cys | 1.11 ± 0.02 |
NO KO assigned | |||
 yadE (b0130) | Uncharacterized protein, hydrolase activity | Asp380fs | 1.22 ± 0.01 |
 icdC (b4519) | Protein IcdC | Ser44fs, Glu45fs | 1.18 ± 0.05 |
 ymcF (b4723) | Protein YmcF | Thr19Ala | 1.10 ± 0.09 |
 intQ (b1579) | Qin prophage; putative defective integrase | Phe274Leu | 1.09 ± 0.01 |
 yfcV (b2339) | Putative fimbrial protein YfcV | Leu164Pro | 1.46 ± 0.05 |
 pdeN (b2176) | Phosphodiesterase PdeN | Val50Ala, Val141Met, Ala414Val | 1.41 ± 0.01 |