Improvement of 1,3-propanediol production from crude glycerol by co-cultivation of anaerobic and facultative microbes under non-strictly anaerobic conditions

Table 2 The 1,3-PDO production by natural 1,3-PDO producers from glycerol in fed-batch fermentations

Microorganisms	Glycerol source	1,3-Propanediol			Refs.
Microorganisms	Glycerol source	Titer (g/L)	Yield (g/g)	Productivity (g/(L.h))	Refs.
C. butyricum SCUT343-4^a	Refined	59.2	0.53	2.11	[18]
C. butyricum AKR 102^a	Crude	73.1	0.55	2.48	[19]
C. butyricum DL07^a	Crude	85.5	0.52	2.85	[20]
C. butyricum AKR 102^a	Crude	50.5	0.47	1.80	[21]
C. butyricum (Gen 7)^a	Refined	66.2	0.51	1.38	[22]
C. butyricum VPI 1718^a	Crude	67.9	0.55	0.78	[23]
C. butyricum DSM 5431^a	Crude	70.3	0.68	1.50	[24]
K. pneumoniae ATCC 8724	Crude	62.7	0.60	1.74	[25]
K. pneumoniae HSL4	Refined	80.1	0.44	2.22	[26]
K. pneumoniae LX3^a	Refined	71.4	0.49	2.24	[27]
K. pneumoniae DSM2026^a	Refined	61.9	0.40	2.00	[28]
C. freundii VK19	Refined	55.6	0.44	0.99	[29]
C. freundii VK19	Crude	47.2	0.38	0.73	[29]
C. freundii FMCC-B294	Crude	68.1	0.40	0.79	[30]
Microbial consortium CJD-S^a	Crude	41.5	0.34	1.15	[31]
Microbial consortium LS30	Crude	27.8	0.52	0.96	[32]
Microbial consortium C2-2 M^a	Crude	82.7	0.66	3.06	[7]
Mixed culture	Crude	70.0	0.56	2.60	[8]
Synthetic consortium CB:KP:EC	Crude	77.7	0.51	1.65	This study
Synthetic consortium CB:KP:EC^a	Crude	81.4	0.49	1.73	This study

ISSN: 2731-3654