Table 1 ɛ-PL-producing strains and its fermentation performance
From: Recent advances in microbial ε-poly-L-lysine fermentation and its diverse applications
Strains(Origin) | Carbon and nitrogen sources | Fermentation strategy | Yield (g/L) | Productivity (g/L/h) | Detection method | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Streptomyces sp. M-Z18 (China) | Glycerol + fish meal + corn steep liquor | Addition of talc microparticles and acidic pH shock | 62.36 | 0.329 | Methyl orange precipitation method | [92] |
Streptomyces albulus FEEL-1 (China) | Glucose + yeast extract | Introducing related antibiotics | 59.50 | 8.21 g/L/day | Methyl orange precipitation method | [145] |
Streptomyces albulus W-156 (China) | Glycerol + yeast extract | Combining genome shuffling and gentamicin resistance | 56.5 | 0.226 | Methyl orange precipitation method | [76] |
Streptomyces sp. AF3-44 (China) | Glycerol + yeast extract | Addition of exogenous glutathione | 46.5 | 0.277 | Methyl orange precipitation method | [104] |
Streptomyces sp. FEEL-1 (China) | Glycerol + yeast extract | Screening by ARTP mutagenesis with streptomycin resistance | 41.2 | 0.245 | Methyl orange precipitation method | [75] |
Streptomyces sp. M-Z18 (China) | Glycerol + beef extract | Screening ɛ-PL-tolerant strain by genome shuffling | 39.96 | 0.231 | Methyl orange precipitation method | [142] |
Streptomyces sp. M-Z18 (China) | Industrial glycerol + beef extract | Through seed stage with in situ pH monitoring | 36.22 | 0.195 | Methyl orange precipitation method | [143] |
Streptomyces griseofuscus (China) | Glucose + yeast extract | Addition of exogenous astaxanthin | 36.1 | 0.188 | Methyl orange precipitation method | [149] |
S. albulus PD-1 (China) | Glucose + yeast extract | Overexpression of ammonium transporter gene | 35.7 | 0.213 | High-performance liquid chromatography | [146] |
S. albulus PD-1 (China) | Glucose + yeast extract | Expression of VHb gene | 34.2 | 0.204 | High-performance liquid chromatography | [87] |
Kitasatospora sp. MY 5–36 (China) | yeast extract + glucose | Immobilization on loofah sponge | 34.11 | 9.34 g/L/day | High-perfor-mance liquid chromatography | [106] |
S. albulus LS-84 (China) | Glucose + yeast extract + CSR | Intergeneric hybridization | 32.6 | 0.166 | Methyl orange precipitation method | [131] |
S. albulus M-Z18 (China) | Glucose + yeast extract | Applying a novel two-stage fermentation | 32.22 | 5.86 g/L/day | Methyl orange precipitation method | [82] |
Streptomyces ahygroscopicus GIM8 (China) | Glucose + yeast extract | One-Stage pH Control coupled with Nutrient Feeding | 28.2 | 0.098 | High-performance liquid chromatography | [97] |
Streptomyces. sp. GIM8 (China) | Glucose + yeast extract | Resin-based in situ product removal strategy | 23.4 | 0.117 | Methyl orange precipitation method | [107] |
Streptomyces albulus CICC 11,022 (China) | Glucose + yeast extract | OverexpressionofPLs and sodium citrate feeding | 20.1 | 6.7 g/L/day | Mmethyl orange precipitation method | [101] |
S. albulus S410 (Japan) | Glucose + yeast extract | A two stages pH control strategy | 48.3 | 0.252 | Methyl orange precipitation method | [77] |
S. albulus NBRC14147 (Japan) | Polypeptone + yeast extract + sucrose | Inactivation of concomitant biosynthetic pathways | About 3.60 | 0.129 | Methyl orange precipitation method | [14] |
Streptomyces noursei NRRL 5126 (India) | proteose peptone, glycerol | Using the resting cell culture technique | 2.36 | 0.028 | Calorimetric determination by trypan blue precipitation | [144] |
Bacillus cereus sp. (India) | Glucose + yeast extract | Adding metabolic precursors | 0.565 | 0.006 | Methyl orange precipitation method | [147] |
Bacillus licheniformis L26 (India) | crude glycerol + peptone + yeast extract | Optimization of medium | 155 mg/L | 0.0013 | Trypan blue precipitation method |