Table 6 Installation factor and characteristic exponents used in Eqs. 2 and 3 to calculate the installed and scaled costs of the individual unit operations
Equipment | Installation factors | Exponent |
|---|---|---|
Mixer | 1.00 | 0.50 |
Tank (flash, chemical addition, crystallizer) | 2.00 | 0.70 |
Main fermenter | 1.50 | 1.00 |
Seed fermenter | 1.80–2.00 | 0.70 |
Heater | 2.20 | 0.70 |
Boiler | 1.80 | 0.60 |
Turbine | 1.80 | 0.60 |
Washer | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Filter press | 2.30 | 0.80 |
Decanter | 2.00 | 0.70 |
Multiple-effect evaporator | 2.20 | 0.60 |
Spray dryer | 1.00 | 0.70 |
Membrane | 1.80 | 0.70 |
Centrifuge | 1.00 | 0.60 |
Activated carbon filter | 1.80 | 0.70 |
Hydrotreating facility | 2.00 | 0.50 |
Column | ||
 Beer | 2.40 | 0.80 |
 Hydrocarbon separation column | 2.47 | 0.68 |
 Condenser package | 2.47 | 0.44 |
 Reboiler package | 2.47 | 0.68 |
Reactor | ||
 Pretreatment | 1.50 | 0.60 |
 Electrocatalytic | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 Dehydration and oligomerization | 2.47 | 0.65 |
Pump | ||
 Water | 3.10 | 0.80 |
 Saccharification transfer | 2.30 | 0.80 |
 Crude hydrocarbons | 2.47 | 0.79 |