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Table 1 Assignments of 1H resonances of identified metabolites and their concentration in CWP sample

From: Cheese-whey permeate improves the fitness of Escherichia coli cells during recombinant protein production

Metabolite

1H chemical shift (ppm)

Concentration (g/L)

Lactose

5.24 (d, J = 3.8 Hz), 4.68 (d, J = 7.9 Hz), 4.46 (d, J = 7.8 Hz), 4.0–3.55 (m), 3.30 (m)

165.247

Lactate

1.33 (d, J = 7.0 Hz), 4.12 (q, J = 7.0 Hz)

5.094

Citrate

2.70 (d, J = 17 Hz), 2.54 (d, J = 17 Hz)

4.814

Galactose

5.27 (d, J = 3.9 Hz, H1α), 4.59 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, H1β)

3.055

Ethanol

1.19 (t, J = 7.1 Hz), 3.65 (m)

1.339

Acetate

1.91 (s)

1.196

Choline

3.19 (s)

0.406

Creatine/creatinine

3.04 (s)

0.399

2,3-butandiol

1.14 (d, J = 6.0 Hz), 3.73 (m)

0.354

Orotate

6.20 (s)

0.258

Betaine

3.26 (s)

0.150

Succinate

2.40 (s)

0.091

Hippurate

7.85 (d, J = 7.7 Hz), 7.65 (t, J = 7.7 Hz), 7.56 (m)

0.063

Alanine

1.47 (d, J = 7.3 Hz), 3.76 (m)

0.048

Fumarate

6.51 (s)

0.021

  1. Peaks are reported as found in 1H-NMR and 1H,1H-TOCSY spectra of CWP sample (d-PB 10 mM, pH 7.4, 25 °C, TSP 1 mM)
  2. s: singlet; d: doublet; t: triplet; m: multiplet
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Biotechnology for Biofuels and Bioproducts

ISSN: 2731-3654

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