Fig. 6
From: Alcohol acyltransferases for the biosynthesis of esters
Overview of the metabolic pathways for microbial biosynthesis of esters. a Acyl-CoA production module. Acyl-CoAs are mainly synthesized with acetyl-CoA as the precursor. b Alcohol production module. Alcohols are formed via the keto acid pathway. c Esters production module. AATs catalyze the condensation of acyl-CoAs and alcohols to form the corresponding esters. Pdh, pyruvate dehydrogenase; IdhA, lactate dehydrogenase; Erg10, acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase; Hbd, 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase; Crt, 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydratase; Pct, propionate CoA-transferase; Pdc, Pyruvate decarboxylase; Adh, alcohol dehydrogenase; Ilv2, acetolactate synthase; Ilv5, acetohydroxyacid reductoisomerase; Ilv3, dihydroxyacid dehydratase; Aro10, ketoacid decarboxylase; LeuA, 2-isopropylmalate synthase; Kivd, 2-ketoisovalerate decarboxylase; Bcd, butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase; YqhD, alcohol dehydrogenase; Aro8, aminotransferase; Kdc, ketoacid decarboxylase; YjgB, NADPH-dependent aldehyde reductase; AAT, alcohol acyltransferase