Direct interspecies electron transfer mechanisms of a biochar-amended anaerobic digestion: a review

Table 1 Selected performance parameters of anaerobic digestion of biomass supplemented with biochar with their corresponding improvements reckoned from control

Conductive materials	Substrate	Favorable change concerning control			References
Conductive materials	Substrate	CH4 yield (%)	Lag phase reduction (%)	COD removal (%)	References
BC	Acetate	22.6	1.5	–	[142]
	Ethanol	14.4	7.1	–	[142]
	Kitchen waste	30	–	7	[143]
	Food waste	33.2		60–88	[144]
	Simulated carbohydrate-rich food waste	6.2	41	–	[102]
	Sewage sludge from WWTP	55.9	61	–	[4]
	Glucose	–	–	21.6	[126]
Hydrochar	Artificial N-rich substrates	32		27.1	[53]
Pyrochar	Artificial N-rich substrates	–	–	10.8–20.3	[53]
GAC	Kitchen waste	26	29		[145]
	Dog food	Increased by 16-fold	–	212	[146]
	Fat, oil and grease, and waste-activated sludge	6.7–13.4	200–400	55.1–58.5	[147]
PAC	Dry anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge	49	16.6–58.3	–	[148]
PAC	Flammulina velutipes residues	–	26.6	–	[149]

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