Integrating properties and conditions to predict spray performance of alternative aviation fuel by ANN model

Table 1 Empirical equation for fuel properties at low temperature, density, viscosity, and surface tension of different type of fuels

	Density = Function (Temp.)	Correlation coefficient
RP-3	ρ = −0.7369 T + 999.13	R² = 0.9971
FT	ρ = −0.7143 T + 957.17	R² = 0.9983
CHJ	ρ = −0.7202 T + 1006.1	R² = 0.9989
FT 50%	ρ = −0.7226 T + 979.37	R² = 0.9998
CHJ 50%	ρ = −0.7333x + 1013.2	R² = 0.9999
Viscosity = Function (Temp.)
RP-3	μ = 0.0002 T²–0.1179 T + 21.822	R² = 0.9981
FT	μ = 0.0002 T²–0.1752 T + 31.978	R² = 0.9973
CHJ	μ = 0.0003 T²–0.1917 T + 34.731	R² = 0.9970
FT 50%	μ = 0.0002 T²–0.1478 T + 27.034	R² = 0.9982
CHJ 50%	μ = 0.0002 T²–0.148 T + 27.153	R² = 0.9984
Surface tension = Function (Temp.)
RP-3	σ = −0.0002 T² + 0.048 T + 26.355	R² = 0.9995
FT	σ = −0.0003 T² + 0.1545 T + 8.0686	R² = 0.9985
CHJ	σ = −0.0004 T² + 0.2116 T + 1.0923	R² = 0.996
FT 50%	σ = −0.0003T² + 0.1269 T + 12.706	R² = 0.9967
CHJ 50%	σ = −0.0004T² + 0.1859 T + 4.2968	R² = 0.9994

In predict area of low temperature (243 K–273 K), there are more obvious deviations to RP-3 both of surface tension and viscosity than in test area (283 K −343 K), which indicated the spray performance of alternative fuels may differ from RP-3 at low temperature

ISSN: 2731-3654