Table 2 Cultivation of mixed microalgae by waste gas–waste water to fix CO₂ and remove nutrients

Mixed algal culture from different wastewater after treatment process

Primary effluent

2.5–15

492 mgC·L⁻¹·d⁻¹

58.1

–

0.246–0.384 g_dw·L⁻¹·d⁻¹

287 mg·L⁻¹

[18]

Secondary effluent

362 mgC L⁻¹ d⁻¹

95.7

–

200 mg·L⁻¹

Septic tank effluent

470 mgC L⁻¹ d⁻¹

99.6

–

230 mg·L⁻¹

Mixed consortia of fresh water and storm water algae

Nature fresh water

Air and coal fired flue gas (0.038, 1, 3, 5.5 CO₂%)

–

–

–

–

37.73–59.75 mg·L⁻¹·d⁻¹

[41]

Scenedesmus obliquus

Artificial wastewater

0.038–10

–

80^a

–

–

30–210 10⁵ cells·mL⁻¹

[42]

Scenedesmus sp. LX1 and Chlorella ellipsoidea YJ1;

Haematococcus and Chlorella ellipsoidea YJ1;

Scenedesmus sp. LX1 and Haematococcus

Secondary effluent

0.038

–

–

–

–

183.0 mg·L⁻¹

[39]

204.0 mg·L⁻¹

277.0 mg·L⁻¹

Chlorella vulgaris TISTR-8580

Botryococcus braunii NIES-2199

Spirulina platensis

Simulated treated sewage

1

22,400 mg·m³·day⁻¹

91.0

100.0

48.3 g·(d·m²)⁻¹

923.0 mg·L⁻¹

[37]

Chlorella sp., Scenedesmus sp.

Sphaerocystis sp., Spirulina sp.

Domestic wastewater

2–100

291.0 mg·g⁻¹

39.0

59.0

0.114 g·(L·d)⁻¹

850.0 mg·L⁻¹

[38]

Mixed microalgae in wastewater plant: cyanobacteria, diatoms, Scenedesmus sp., Chlorella sp.

Untreated urban wastewater

20

24.6

mg L⁻¹·min⁻¹

100.0

100.0

28.3 g·(d·m²)⁻¹

–

[36]