Fig. 9
The mechanism of cysteine inducing upregulation of MST1/2 expression. Inorganic sulfur (SO42−) was transported into cell by SULTR and reduced into S2− by ATPS/APR/SiR, S2− and OAS synthesized Cys, which is further converted to GSH. The glutathionylation level of GRP would be up-regulated due to increased Intracellular GSH. Glutathionylated GRP could specifically bind the Tgmst1/2 promoter and up-regulated MST1/2 expression. Pyruvate and Acetyl-CoA were generated by the Glycolysis and the TCA cycle, which was essential for OAS synthesis, the energy generated by TCA can also be used for sulfur transportation. PA pyruvic acid, Ala Alanine, Ser Serine, OAS Acetyl-serine, Cys Cysteine, GSH Glutathione, Gpr Glucose receptor, G-protein GTP binding protein, AC adenylate cyclase, PKA protein kinase A, ATPS ATP sulfatase, APR APS sulfotransferase, SiR Sulfite reductase, SULTR Sulfate transporter