Fig. 7

Growth, intracellular parameters, and subpopulations in aerobic flask screening. a Overview of the aerobic flask screening, in which fluorescent biosensors integrated into the genome of the three yeast strains were used to assess four intracellular parameters. S. cerevisiae presented a respiro-fermentative metabolism until sugars were abundant and then switched to a respiratory metabolism, whereby ethanol was consumed as a carbon source. b Growth curves of the three strains selected in lignocellulosic hydrolysates during aerobic flask screening. c Overview of biosensor output for four intracellular parameters (left to right): glycolytic flux, ribosome abundance, oxidative stress, and unfolded protein response. Boxplots were made by plotting the mean across all cells at each timepoint for all media. Red dots identify the mean across all media and timepoints in each strain. d Dot plot correlating oxidative stress and glycolytic flux at 20 h from the beginning of the screening for the three strains. Each dot represents a single cell