Fig. 5

Metabolic reconfiguration for further enhanced vanillin production. a Schematic overview of Xfpk-Pta pathway for improving the precursor supply of E4P. b The effect of Xfpk-Pta pathway on the vanillin and PCA productions. The glycerol-1-phosphatase GPP1 was deleted to minimize acetate formation (marked with a red cross). Cells were grown in SC medium with 2% glucose, and samples were measured after 120 h of cultivation. c The growth curve of strain JS-VA9 and JS-VA10 in shake-flasks. Strain JS-VA10 was a derivative of JS-VA9 with Ubi-K15N degron fused to the N-terminal of Gal80. Both strains were cultivated in YPD medium containing 20 g l⁻¹ glucose. d Vanillin produced by strain JS-VA9 and JS-VA10 in YPD media. All experiments were performed in triplicate and the data represent the mean value with standard deviation. Statistical analysis was carried out by using two-tailed unpaired Student’s t-test (**P < 0.01, ****P < 0.0001)